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United Kingdom2025-07en

Environmental Capacity in Industrial Clusters Project Executive Summary

Summary

The UK faces a challenge in achieving net zero by sustainably deploying carbon capture and storage (CCS) and hydrogen technologies in industrial clusters, where existing environmental pressures on water, air, and flood risk are already high. The Environment Agency conducted a four-year review across three English industrial clusters to assess environmental capacity and identify strategic challenges in planning and permitting. The project is completed and has informed government policy, leading to commitments in the Clean Energy Action Plan 2030 and the Regulators’ Action Plan to integrate environmental considerations into decarbonisation efforts.

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