Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Chapter 11

Summary

The IPCC Working Group III's Chapter 11 assesses industrial climate change mitigation, highlighting that industrial emissions have grown faster than any other sector since 2000, reaching 20 GtCO2-eq (34% of global emissions) in 2019 including indirect sources. Achieving net-zero emissions requires a shift from incremental energy efficiency gains to transformational changes in energy and feedstock sourcing, material efficiency, and circular economy solutions. Key strategies include demand reduction, material efficiency (e.g., up to 40% steel demand reduction by 2060), electrification (projected EU steel and chemical electricity demand could triple or quadruple), hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage (CCS). CCS costs for concentrated CO2 are estimated at USD10–40 per tonne, while overall production costs for very low to zero emission basic materials are in the range of USD50–150 per tonne CO2-eq. Despite significant production cost increases, the impact on final product prices is typically less than a few percent, for example, less than 1% for a residential building due to decarbonized cement.

Key Facts

Source Document

https://example-government.gov/policy-document-link