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United States2025-11en

Standardized CROAs Key Legal Provisions

Summary

The challenge is the lack of standardization in key legal provisions across various Carbon Removal Offtake Agreements (CROAs), which can hinder efficient transactions in the burgeoning carbon removal market. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) addressed this by conducting an analysis of several public and stakeholder-provided CROA templates. The approach involved reviewing these templates to identify and compare common and varying legal provisions related to contract elements like methodology, volume, reversals, and default terms. This analytical work is completed, providing insights into opportunities for more robust definitions and standardization in future agreements.

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